• • ls：list(列出目录内容)
  • cd：Change Directory（改变目录）
  • su:switch user 切换用户
  • rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
  • pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
  • ps: process status(进程状态，类似于 windows 的任务管理器)
  • 常用参数：－auxf
    ps -auxf 显示进程状态

  • df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。

  • rpm：即 RedHat Package Management，是 RedHat 的发明之一
  • rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
  • rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
  • cat: concatenate 连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到 file3中
  • insmod: install module,载入模块
  • ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
  • mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录
    touch
  • man: Manual
  • pwd：Print working directory
  • su：Swith user
  • cd：Change directory
  • ls：List files
  • ps：Process Status
  • mkdir：Make directory
  • rmdir：Remove directory
  • mkfs: Make file system
  • fsck：File system check
  • cat: Concatenate
  • uname: Unix name
  • df: Disk free
  • du: Disk usage
  • lsmod: List modules
  • mv: Move file
  • rm: Remove file
  • cp: Copy file
  • ln: Link files
  • fg: Foreground
  • bg: Background
  • chown: Change owner
  • chgrp: Change group
  • chmod: Change mode
  • umount: Unmount
  • dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
  • tar：Tape archive
  • ldd：List dynamic dependencies
  • insmod：Install module
  • rmmod：Remove module
  • lsmod：List module
    文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc 等）：Resource configuration
    Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于 rcx.d 目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
  • .a（扩展名 a）：Archive，static library
  • .so（扩展名 so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
  • .o（扩展名 o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
  • RPM：Red hat package manager
  • dpkg：Debian package manager
  • apt：Advanced package tool（Debian 或基于 Debian 的发行版中提供）
  • bin = BINaries
  • /dev = DEVices
  • /etc = ETCetera
  • /lib = LIBrary
  • /proc = PROCesses
  • /sbin = Superuser BINaries
  • /tmp = TeMPorary
  • /usr = Unix Shared Resources
  • /var = VARiable ?
  • FIFO = First In, First Out
  • GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
  • IFS = Internal Field Seperators
  • LILO = LInux LOader
  • MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured Query Language
  • PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
  • PS = Prompt String
  • Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
    Python 得名于电视剧 Monty Python's Flying Circus
  • Tcl = Tool Command Language
  • Tk = ToolKit
  • VT = Video Terminal
  • YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
  • apache = "a patchy" server
  • apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
  • ar = archiver
  • as = assembler
  • awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母
  • bash = Bourne Again SHell
  • bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
  • bg = BackGround
  • biff = 作者 Heidi Stettner 在 U.C.Berkely 养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
  • cal = CALendar
  • cat = CATenate
  • cd = Change Directory
  • chgrp = CHange GRouP
  • chmod = CHange MODe
  • chown = CHange OWNer
  • chsh = CHange SHell
  • cmp = compare
  • cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
  • comm = common
  • cp = CoPy
  • cpio = CoPy In and Out
  • cpp = C Pre Processor
  • cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
  • cups = Common Unix Printing System
  • cvs = Current Version System
  • daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
  • dc = Desk Calculator
  • dd = Disk Dump
  • df = Disk Free
  • diff = DIFFerence
  • dmesg = diagnostic message
  • du = Disk Usage
  • ed = editor
  • egrep = Extended GREP
  • elf = Extensible Linking Format
  • elm = ELectronic Mail
  • emacs = Editor MACroS
  • eval = EVALuate
  • ex = EXtended
  • exec = EXECute
  • fd = file descriptors
  • fg = ForeGround
  • fgrep = Fixed GREP
  • fmt = format
  • fsck = File System ChecK
  • fstab = FileSystem TABle
  • fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
  • gawk = GNU AWK
  • gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
  • groff = GNU troff
  • hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
  • joe = Joe's Own Editor
  • ksh = Korn SHell
  • lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
  • lex = LEXical analyser
  • lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
  • ln = LiNk
  • lpr = Line PRint
  • ls = list
  • lsof = LiSt Open Files
  • m4 = Macro processor Version 4
  • man = MANual pages
  • mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
  • mc = Midnight Commander
  • mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
  • mknod = MaKe NODe
  • motd = Message of The Day
  • mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
  • mtab = Mount TABle
  • mv = MoVe
  • nano = Nano's ANOther editor
  • nawk = New AWK
  • nl = Number of Lines
  • nm = names
  • nohup = No HangUP
  • nroff = New ROFF
  • od = Octal Dump
  • passwd = PASSWorD
  • pg = pager
  • pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
  • pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
  • ping = 拟声又 = Packet InterNet Grouper
  • pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
  • popd = POP Directory
  • pr = pre
  • printf = PRINT Formatted
  • ps = Processes Status
  • pty = pseudo tty
  • pushd = PUSH Directory
  • pwd = Print Working Directory
  • rc = runcom = run command, rc 还是 plan9的 shell
  • rev = REVerse
  • rm = ReMove
  • rn = Read News
  • roff = RunOFF
  • rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
    rsh, rlogin, rvim 中的 r = Remote
  • rxvt = ouR XVT
  • seamoneky = 我
  • sed = Stream EDitor
  • seq = SEQuence
  • shar = SHell ARchive
  • slrn = S-Lang rn
  • ssh = Secure SHell
  • ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
  • stty = Set TTY
  • su = Substitute User
  • svn = SubVersioN
  • tar = Tape ARchive
  • tcsh = TENEX C shell
  • tee = T (T 形水管接口)
  • telnet = TEminaL over Network
  • termcap = terminal capability
  • terminfo = terminal information
  • tex = τ